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Water turbine information for

high head turbines 10m+

These are turgo water turbines, they are designed to operate on heads of 10m or more and are available in sizes ranging from 200W to 20kW.

Where are they are used?

As the name suggests these turbines are designed to be used on sites with an above average head of water and a relatively low flow of water. The smallest turbine (200W) is rated at a flow rate of 3 liters per second and a head of only 10m. Unlike the low and medium head turbines these high head models are quite flexible in the situations they can be used in. They can operate with a significantly reduced head or flow rate although the power generated will be reduced.

High Head Turbine

High Head Turbine

How do they work?

The water enters the turbine from the penstock through a nozzle which directs it into a jet and towards the buckets on the turbines runner. The runner is connected via a shaft to the generator which produces a single phase 230v AC supply. (Some of the larger turbines in the table below may have a three phase output so please check before ordering). Any excess power generated is diverted to a ‘dump load’ ballast heating element in the base of the smaller turbines which uses water-cooling to ensure that the load on the turbine remains constant. The larger turbines heating element will be separate and need fixing in place. These machines may be operated for years with minimal maintenance, although it is necessary to apply grease to the bearings using the grease cap a couple of times a month, to ensure a long life. By reducing the jet diameter on these turbines, it is possible to operate them with heads of over 100m.

A typical high head turbine installation

B. Penstock
C. Adaptor flange
D. Valve E. Generator
F. Turbine
G. Outflow
H. Filter

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Specifications

High Head Turbines

MODEL NO	POWER (W)	WATER FLOW (litres/s)	PHASE	SPEED rpm	HEAD (metres)
XJ14-0.2DCT4-Z	200	3-4	SINGLE	1500	10-14
XJ14-0.3DCT4-Z	300	3-5	SINGLE	1500	12-14
XJ18-0.5DCT4-Z	500	5-7	SINGLE	1500	12-18
XJ18-0.75DCT4-Z	750	5-8	SINGLE	1500	14-18
XJ22-1.1DCT4-Z	1 100	8-10	SINGLE	1500	16-22
XJ22-1.1DCT4-Z	1 100	10-15	SINGLE	1500	15
XJ25-1.5DCT4-Z	1 500	8-11	SINGLE	1500	18-25
XJ25-1.5DCT4-Z	1 500	12-18	SINGLE	1500	15
XJ25-3.0DCT4-Z	3 000	15-19	SINGLE	1500	25-35
XJ25-3.0DCT4-Z	3 000	18-30	SINGLE	1500	18-20
XJ28-6.0SCT4/-Z	6 000	30-38	SINGLE	1500	28-35
XJ28-6.0SCT6/-Z	6 000	38-50	SINGLE	1000	18-20
XJ30-10SCT4/-Z	10 000	40-50	SINGLE	1500	30-38
XJ30-10SCT6/-Z	10 000	50-60	SINGLE	1000	25-30
XJ30-12SCT4/-Z	12 000	50-60	THREE	1500	28-35
XJ30-15SCT4/6-Z	15 000	60-70	THREE	1500/1000	30-40
XJ30-20SCT4/6-Z	20 000	60-80	THREE	1500/1000	30-45

Swithenbanks Water Turbines